Competitiveness as the factor of settlements terms forming at the market of chocolate producers

The relevance of the investigated problem is caused by increasing levels of competition in the industry markets of chocolate producers in Russia and the need to maintain the profitability of the companies’ activities in the unstable macroeconomic conditions. The aim of the article is to assess the impact of competitive forces on settlements terms between the participants of supply chain, taking into account relative financial and industrial competitiveness of suppliers and buyers. The leading method of this problem is the research analysis of the market situation in the industry based on the model of five forces of competition by M. Porter (2004), as well as assessment of individual indicators of financial condition of chocolate products manufacturing companies using the analysis of some indicators. The article defines the conditions of optimization of financing sources for current payments based on relative financial and industrial competitiveness of suppliers and buyers. Article Submissions are of practical value to chocolate producers operating in Russian and international markets. © 2016 Arman, Syamsul Bachri Thalib, Darman Manda

Evaluation methods basis of strategy development effectiveness of the enterprise

The urgency to study the problem is caused by the necessity to make management decisions in terms of reducing goods life cycle, reducing profitability of production, increasing speed of technological progress. In this context, this article aims to identify and elaborate the tools for integrated diagnostic of strategy efficiency, taking into account the relationship of parameters which characterize various spheres of enterprise activity, and to formulate integral indicator of strategic effectiveness, which can be accepted as the criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of strategic development. The leading approach to the study of this problem was the systems approach, used in the development of methods for efficiency evaluation of strategic development, it allows to identify priority factors of the strategic development of the company. The article substantiates the use of value approach to management as a methodical bases of diagnostics of the effectiveness of the strategic development of the industrial enterprises; the matrix tool was developed, supplementing the information-analytical foundation of management. The results of the research work may be useful for effectiveness evaluation of the strategic development of industrial enterprise and for identifying priority strategic development factors and making recommendations to improve the value of business. © 2016 Zotova et al

Strategic analysis of sustainable socioeconomic situation of rural areas in the Samara Region of the Russian Federation

On the one hand, the relevance of this problem is primarily determined by growing gap of rural territorial entities in socioeconomic development, and on the other hand, due to their significance in such prominent aspects for the country as food security, maintaining the existing land, industrial, ecological, demographic and human potential. The purpose of the article is comprehensive assessment of socioeconomic, institutional and ecological situation of rural areas in order to justify managerial decisions and effective policy making at the regional and local levels. The leading method for studying this problem is stratigic analysis of processes of developing rural areas, as well as factors, affecting development. The results of the study: In this article the authors assessed the situation in socioeconomic sphere of munitipalities in the Samara Region of the Russian Federation, accordingly, based on this, the authors concluded about a predominance of degradation processes, which form instability in the development of rural areas. The results of this study can be used by the regional authorities in their practice for making and implementation both regional policy, as well as strategy of socioeconomic development of rural area. © 2016 Belyaeva et al

ANALISIS OF DOMESTIC AND FOREING EXPERIENCE OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

The results of the comparative analysis of domestic and foreign experience in management organization of the defense industrial complex of innovative development are submitted in this article. Analysis was performed in emphasis of legal, organizational and methodological components of the military enterprises innovative activity. The necessity to create new strategy of innovative development for the defense industrial complex is promoted here. This strategy is based on the government regulation of military production pre-investment cycle and indirect regulation of the business environment for development of innovative activity in advance. The recommendations of a new strategy realization are presented in this article also

THE PROBLEM OF CONTROL WHILE IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES AT THE UNIVERSITIES

The nature of educational services of higher education has been considered and a number of factors, that need to be taken into account when assessing the productivity and effectiveness of changes from the point of view of different stakeholders, taking into account the mechanism of coordination of interests, has been considered. One of the results of the study is the classification of forms of control depending on the degree of realization of the stakeholders’ interests. The analysis of existing methods for assessing the effectiveness of organizational changes in terms of their applicability to organizational changes in universities also has been made. It has been concluded, that the organization’s ability to achieve its goals depends on the degree of mutual integration and consistency of all elements of the considered comprehensive change management mechanism at the university

Российский миттельшпиль: экономика, техногенез, геостратегия

The article presents a review of plenary session of the international scientific conference “Russian Middlegame: Economy, Technogenesis, Geostrategy” organized by laboratory of philosophy of economy of Faculty of economics of MSU together with scientific council of «Center of social sciences of MSU» on December 5—7, 2018. The reports considering the current state of Russia’s economy from various positions, geostrategies at the middlegame moment, a middle and most responsible part of the big game, that by Russia forcedly leads on world «chessboard», were submitted at plenary session. Presented points of view allow to consider in a new fashion present world processes, their influence on the Russian policy and economy, to offer strategy for Russia in this world game.Представлен обзор пленарного заседания международной научной конференции «Российский миттельшпиль: экономика, техногенез, геостратегия», организованной лабораторией философии хозяйства экономического факультета МГУ совместно с научным советом «Центр общественных наук МГУ» 5–7 декабря 2018 г. На пленарном заседании были представлены доклады, рассматривающие с различных позиций современное состояние российской экономики, геостратегии в момент миттельшпиля — средней и самой ответственной части большой игры, вынужденно ведущейся Россией на мировой «шахматной доске». Представленные точки зрения позволяют по-новому посмотреть на происходящие мировые процессы, их влияние на российскую политику и экономику, предложить стратегию для России в этой мировой игре

Geometry-induced reduction of the critical current in superconducting nanowires

Reduction of the critical current in narrow superconducting NbN lines with sharp and rounded bends with respect to the critical current in straight lines was studied at different temperatures. We compare our experimental results with the reduction expected in the framework of the London model and the Ginsburg-Landau model. We have experimentally found that the reduction is significantly less than either model predicts. We also show that in our NbN lines the bends mostly contribute to the reduction of the critical current at temperatures well below the superconducting transition temperature

Polaron transformations in the realistic model of the strongly correlated electron system

Electron-phonon coupling, diagonal in a real space formulation, leads to polaron paradigm of smoothly varying properties. However, fundamental changes, namely the singular behavior of polarons, occur if non-diagonal pairing is involved into consideration. The study of polaron transformations and related properties of matter is of particular interest for realistic models, since competition between diagonal and non-diagonal electron-phonon contributions in the presence of other strong interactions can result in unconventional behavior of the system. Here we consider the multiband pd-model of cuprate superconductors with electron-phonon interaction and analyze the features of the systems that are caused by the competition of diagonal and non-diagonal electron-phonon contributions in the limit of strong electron correlations. Using the polaronic version of the generalized tight-binding method, we describe the evolution of the band structure, Fermi surface, density of states at Fermi level, and phonon spectral function in the space of electron-phonon parameters ranging from weak to strong coupling strength of the adiabatic limit. On the phase diagram of polaron properties we reveal two quantum phase transitions and show how electron-phonon interaction gives rise to Fermi surface transformation (i) from hole pockets to Fermi arcs and (ii) from hole to electron type of conductivity. We also demonstrate the emergence of new states in the phonon spectral function of the polaron and discuss their origin.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figure

The comparative analysis of the classification systems of waste in the Russian Federation and the European Union

This paper presents an analytical study of the Russian and European waste accounting systems. There was made the comparative analysis of the waste classifications, which was based on the Decree of the Ministry of the Russian Federation and the European Union directives, with a view to further harmonisation in the field of waste management policy

«Сепсис-3»: новая редакция - старые проблемы. Анализ с позиции общей патологии

Sepsis-3 Guidelines defines sepsis as an organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated host response to infection. To record organ dysfunction, the SOFA/quick SOFA scales were recommended. In fact, in medical practice, sepsis is considered nothing more than a critical infection that requires intensive care. Therefore, sepsis is pathogenetically a non-homogeneous condition manifested by diverse nosologies and syndromes. Unlike the previous two editions, Sepsis-1 and Sepsis-2 Guidelines, the formal criteria provided in the Sepsis-3 are closer to the de facto position, describe more specific, but less sensitive features to predict mortality. However, the initial, latent manifestations of critical conditions, which can be relatively effectively controlled by intensive therapy, remain outside the Sepsis-3 criteria. Not all signs of multiple organ dysfunctions (according to the Sepsis-3 criteria) will require intensive care. Hence, obviously the presence or absence of formal criteria of Sepsis-3 will not be always taken into account while verifying sepsis. The only relatively pathogenetically homogeneous definition in Sepsis-3 is “septic shock”. However, it also does not fully consider the staging (according to the degree of compensation of hemodynamic disturbances) and the phasing (according to the severity of the pro-inflammatory response) of the dynamics of the shock condition. From our point of view, a positive result of the Sepsis-3 consensus would be in transition of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) from the main to additional (optional) verifying sepsis criteria. We also believe that the weak side of the Sepsis-3 Guidelines is in underestimated mechanisms of systemic inflammation as a general pathological process in the genesis of developing critical conditions of various origins. From the perspective of general pathology, sepsis is a combination of the three common fundamental pathological processes: classical (canonical) and systemic inflammation (SI), as well as chronic systemic low-grade inflammation (parainflammation), the latter can be considered as an unfavorable background for development of the former two processes. All three processes are characterized by any SIR signs and require to be differentiated on the basis of integral criteria, which reflect specific blocks of the SI complex process. The pathogenesis of the SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) is a relevant example underlying inevitability of such approach. The systemic microvascular vasculitis, and its main clinical manifestations such as systemic microcirculatory disorders in the form of shockogenic conditions is the SI pathogenetic basis. Apparently, one of the modalities for further evolution of critical care medicine will be coupled to development of a more multilayered but effective methods for assessing pathogenesis of critical states and more differentiated methods of pathogenetic therapy. Therefore, it will require to modernize a number of fundamental premises in our knowledge about pathobiology, pathophysiology, and general pathology. © 2021 Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute. All rights reserved.This work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (registration number NIOKTR No. АААА-А18-118020590108-7)